X-Rental & Services · Public service guide

A guide for diaspora families

Protecting your land in Haiti

How to buy, inherit or manage land from abroad without losing it to fraud, a missing signature or a deed that was never recorded.

Updated October 2026 · Free · General information, not legal advice

Five rules before you send any money

  1. Pay through the notary, never to a person

    The buyer pays the price to the notary, who pays the seller after taxes. Never wire money to an agent's or relative's personal account.

  2. See the chain of title

    Ask the notary to review at least 20 years of titles. A seller who can show only a private agreement (acte sous seing privé) is a red flag.

  3. Insist on a registered survey

    A licensed surveyor from that commune must measure the land, neighbours must be formally notified, and the survey must be registered at the DGI. Ask for the DGI receipt.

  4. Confirm registration and transcription

    The deed must be registered and transcribed at the DGI office for the commune where the land is. Until then, it does not protect you against another buyer.

  5. Never rely on one person on the ground

    Use two people who do not depend on each other, and check their reports with dated photos, GPS coordinates and visits.

The legal path to buying land

A sale by authentic deed has four steps. Each one protects you against a different risk.

  1. Promise of sale

    Buyer and seller agree on the parcel and the price, usually before a notary. Under Haitian law a promise of sale counts as a sale, so include a clause that lets either side withdraw if the checks below fail.

  2. Survey (arpentage)

    • The surveyor obtains a permit from the court.
    • Neighbours are notified by a court officer (huissier).
    • A licensed surveyor measures the land and registers the survey at the DGI.
    • Anyone may object; an objector then has 15 days to file with the juge de paix.

    Usually 3–12 months

  3. Bill of sale before the notary

    The notary checks the chain of title, identities and marital status, inheritance papers, the mortgage situation from the DGI, property-tax (CFPB) and utility receipts, and both parties' tax ID (NIF). Both sign the authentic deed and the buyer pays the notary.

  4. Registration and transcription at the DGI

    The notary pays the DGI fees and registers the deed in the commune where the land is; it is then transcribed at the departmental office. Keep your copy (expédition) showing the receipt number and date.

    Usually 3–18 months

Costs to expect

ItemWho paysAmount
Notary feesBuyer1% legal; 1.5–2.5% in practice
DGI registrationBuyer3% of the price
DGI transcriptionBuyer1% of the price
Notary and DGI togetherBuyer≈ 6.5% Port-au-Prince; up to 12% elsewhere
Surveyor (Port-au-Prince schedule)Buyer10,000–50,000 gourdes
Capital-gains tax, if anySellerVaries

Figures from the 2012 Haiti Property Law Working Group manual. Confirm current amounts with your notary before you sign.

Documents to ask for

Tick each one as you receive it. Your ticks stay on this device.

Buying or managing land from abroad

  • Haitians by origin who hold another nationality may own land in Haiti, under the 2012 constitutional amendment.
  • To act through someone in Haiti, sign a power of attorney (mandat) at a Haitian consulate that describes the exact parcel. The consulate validates the signatures, then the Ministry of Foreign Affairs validates the consulate's. Allow three days to a month.
  • Limit that power to one parcel, one transaction and an end date. Never sign a general power over all your affairs.
  • Pay into the notary's account or an escrow arrangement, released step by step. Require two signatures for large payments.
  • Ask for proof at every step: DGI receipts, copies of signed documents, dated photos with GPS location.

Inherited land (tè eritaj)

  • List every heir, including those living abroad, before any sale or division. An heir who was left out can challenge the sale later.
  • One heir cannot sell land that belongs to all. A buyer should require every heir's consent, or a formal division (partage) before a notary.
  • If the land is part of a married couple's community property, both spouses generally must sign.
  • Keep birth, marriage and death certificates together. They are what prove who the heirs are.

Warning signs of fraud

  • A price far below the market, or pressure to pay quickly in cash
  • An "emergency" that needs money sent today
  • Only a private agreement, or titles you are not allowed to see
  • A survey copy with no DGI receipt, or a surveyor licensed in another commune
  • More than one deed for the same parcel
  • A court notice from a judge outside the land's jurisdiction
  • A seller or agent who cannot be reached, or who asks for payment to a personal account

Land fraud in Haiti sometimes involves complicit professionals. Check every document yourself, through people who do not know each other.

If something goes wrong

  • Act fast. If a survey threatens your land, object in writing; you then have 15 days to file with the juge de paix.
  • Disputes over possession go to the juge de paix; disputes over ownership go to the civil court. Ownership cases can take years.
  • Keep every receipt, transfer record, message and photo.
  • Hire a licensed Haitian lawyer. If you sent money from abroad, also ask a lawyer where you live whether a complaint can be filed there.

Have a question about a land purchase?

Write to us. We read every message and can point you to the right kind of professional. We do not sell land or recommend a specific notary.

Call or text : +1 954-904-1364 · +1 917-771-3741